Journal: Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association

Article Title: Quantification of Nasal Airflow Resistance In English Bulldogs Using Computed Tomography and Computational Fluid Dynamics

doi: 10.1111/vru.12531

Figure Lengend Snippet: The process for generation of a 3D model. A: Computed tomographic images of the nasal passages were acquired in a transverse image plane using multi-detector computed tomography. A representative image of the caudal nasal passage at the level of the choanae is shown. B: Threshold segmentation in the ScanIP program isolated the airways (blue) using a threshold of −1024 to −450 Hounsfield units (HU). C: A fill threshold algorithm in ScanIP was used to generate a solid model of the nasal passages which was then sub-divided into 6-sided tetrahedral elements and exported to the COMOSL Multiphysics software package. D: 3D model of the nasal passages within the COMSOL Multiphysics package with E: Zoomed in image of the 3D model and tetrahedral mesh elements used in the computational fluid dynamic analysis. Note that each tetrahedral element has 6 sides or edges and the minimum edge length controls the mesh density where a smaller minimum edge length leads to a more dense mesh and more elements.

Article Snippet: First, the raw MDCT bone algorithm transverse dataset was imported into a three-dimensional (3D) image processing and model generation software program (ScanIP, Synopsys, Inc. Simpleware, Version 7.0, Chantilly, VA).

Techniques: Computed Tomography, Isolation, Software

Journal: Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association

Article Title: Quantification of Nasal Airflow Resistance In English Bulldogs Using Computed Tomography and Computational Fluid Dynamics

doi: 10.1111/vru.12531

Figure Lengend Snippet: Asymmetry of pressure between the right and left nasal passages was identified in two dogs. A: Rostrocaudal orientation; smoothed 3D model of the airway showing the right nasal cavity having a higher pressure compared to the left nasal passage. The yellow color depicts a higher pressure relative to the blue color-coded left nasal cavity. B: Ventrodorsal orientation; smoothed 3D model airway shows the differing pressures within the rostral nasal passages. The rostral nares are at the top of the image. C: Transverse CT image of a nasal cavity with asymmetry between the nasal cavities. Dog is in ventral (V) recumbency, the right side (R) of the dog is to the left of the image. Bone algorithm. Window width: 2500 Window level: 250.

Article Snippet: First, the raw MDCT bone algorithm transverse dataset was imported into a three-dimensional (3D) image processing and model generation software program (ScanIP, Synopsys, Inc. Simpleware, Version 7.0, Chantilly, VA).

Techniques: